What kind of light interaction occurs when light bounces off a surface?

• A. Reflection
• B. Refraction
• C. Transmission
• D. Absorption

Answer: (A)

When light bounces off a surface, this interaction is known as reflection. Reflection occurs when light waves encounter a reflective surface like a mirror or a calm water surface, causing them to change direction while remaining in the same medium. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence (the angle between the incoming light wave and the normal to the surface) is equal to the angle of reflection (the angle between the outgoing light wave and the normal). This principle explains why we can see our image in a mirror or why surfaces can shimmer or glisten in bright light.

In contrast, refraction refers to the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another due to a change in speed, while transmission involves light passing through a medium without significant scattering or reflection, and absorption occurs when light is taken up by a material and converted to other forms of energy, typically heat. Understanding these differences helps clarify why reflection is the correct answer in this context.